含La2O3奥氏体不锈钢堆焊合金层晶粒细化机制及对其耐腐蚀、磨损性能的影响

目的 通过在超低碳Cr19Ni10不锈钢堆焊合金中加入稀土氧化物La2O3，细化其微观组织，获得力学性能、耐腐蚀性能和耐磨性能等综合性能优良的堆焊合金层。方法 采用添加La2O3的超低碳Cr19Ni10不锈钢焊条制备了四种不锈钢堆焊合金。采用X射线荧光光谱、红外碳硫分析仪和X射线衍射分析仪，对堆焊合金层的元素组成和相组成进行了测定。采用金相显微镜和晶粒度统计软件，对堆焊合金层的微观组织形貌进行观察，并对晶粒度进行了统计分析。采用显微维氏硬度计和纳米压痕仪对堆焊合金层的硬度和杨氏模量进行了测定。采用电化学工作站和CSM摩擦磨损试验机对堆焊合金层的耐腐蚀性能和耐磨性能进行了评价，并且采用白光共聚焦显微镜对磨损后的磨痕形貌和尺寸进行了观察和测定。采用二维晶格错配度理论，对La2O3/γ-Fe界面间的晶格错配关系进行了计算。结果 在堆焊合金层中加入La2O3，随着La2O3加入量的增加，堆焊合金层奥氏体晶粒细化越明显。当La2O3的添加量由0%增加至1.5%时，奥氏体晶粒平均面积由400 μm²减少为210 μm²。堆焊合金层加入La2O3，可以明显提高其力学性能、耐腐蚀性能和耐磨损性能。当La2O3的添加量由0%增加至1.0%时，堆焊合金层的微观硬度由180HV增加到225HV，宏观硬度由125HBS增加到150HBS，杨氏模量由186 GPa左右增加到217 GPa，腐蚀电位由?0.4 V增加到?0.25 V，磨痕深度由50 μm减小到10 μm。La2O3(001)面和γ-Fe(110)面的二维晶格错配度为8.7%(<12%)，说明La2O3可以作为γ-Fe的中等有效异质形核基底，从而细化了堆焊合金层中的奥氏体晶粒。结论 La2O3可以有效地细化奥氏体晶粒，改善堆焊合金层的力学性能，提高其耐腐蚀和耐磨损性能。但是，La2O3加入量存在一个最佳值，当La2O3的加入量为1.0%时，堆焊合金层的综合性能最好。     

Field Performance of High Oleic Soybeans with Mutant FAD2-1A and FAD2-1B Genes in Tennessee

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] oil with high oleic acid (>75%) has increased oxidative stability and health benefits that are valuable for food, fuel, and industrial products. It has been determined that two naturally occurring mutations in genes FAD2-1A and FAD2-1B can combine to produce high oleic soybeans. The objective of this study was to test the effect of these mutant alleles on seed yield and oil and protein concentration. Molecular markers assisted in the creation of a population of 48 BC₃F_2:4 lines (93.75% expected genome commonality). Each line was classified into one of four genotypic groups where both FAD2-1A and FAD2-1B genes were either homozygous wild type or mutant, respectively. Twelve lines for each genotypic group were evaluated in three replications at six locations across Tennessee. There was no seed yield difference between the high oleic genotypic group and the other groups (P < 0.05). On the other hand, there were differences in fatty acid profiles and oil and protein concentrations. In combination, the mutant FAD2-1A and FAD2-1B alleles produced a mean of 803.1 g kg⁻¹ oleic acid. This is, on average, approximately 500 g kg⁻¹ more oleic acid compared to soybean lines with only one mutant FAD2-1 allele. The high oleic double mutant group had more total oil (228.0 g kg⁻¹) and protein (401.0 g kg⁻¹) compared to all other genotypic groups (P < 0.05). Overall, this specific combination of mutant FAD2-1A and FAD2-1B alleles appears to generate conventional high oleic soybeans without a yield drag.     

基于知识图谱的用户偏好神经建模框架

针对目前基于特征和基于路径的知识图谱感知推荐方法的不足,文中提出端到端的将知识图谱引入推荐系统的用户偏好神经建模框架(NUPM).该框架以用户在知识图谱中的历史访问项目为偏好起点,通过知识图谱中实体间的关系链接传播用户偏好,学习用户的潜在偏好,同时使用注意力网络融合各传播阶段偏好特征以构建最终的用户偏好向量.在真实数据集上的对比实验表明文中框架在个性化推荐中对用户偏好刻画的有效性.     

Multistage homogenization process of aluminum alloy 2618

Single-, two-, and three-stage homogenization treatments of heat-resistant alloy 2618 were conducted in this study. Results reveal a low melting point Al₂CuMg phase and high melting point Al₂Cu phase in the as-cast aluminum alloy 2618. After single-stage homogenization at 495 °C for 10 h, the Al₂CuMg phase dissolves completely, but the Al₂Cu phase cannot be completely dissolved even once the homogenization time is prolonged to 18 h. After the alloy 2618 are homogenized using two stages: 495 °C for 10 h and 520 °C for 8 h, a portion of the Al₂Cu phase remains in the alloy. The Al₂Cu phase remains undissolved even after prolonged time. After the two-stage homogenization treatment at 495 °C for 10 h and 540 °C for 5 h, the high melting point Al₂Cu phase completely dissolves but overburn occurs. After the alloy 2618 are homogenized using three stages at 495 °C for 10 h, 520 °C for 5 h, and 540 °C for 3 h, the Al₂Cu phase completely dissolves and no overburn is detected. The three-stage homogenization treatment is an effective method for dissolving the high melting point Al₂Cu phase in the alloy 2618 and increasing their overburn temperature and solid solution temperature.     

Manipulating user resistance to large-scale information systems through influence tactics

This study examines how influence tactics can be used to manipulate user resistance and subsequent usage behaviors in the context of large-scale, newly implemented information systems (IS). To do so, we integrate the theory of interpersonal influence and leadership, adaptive structuration theory, and the literature on user resistance and behavioral IS theories, and develop a comprehensive theoretical model anchored in (a) social influence tactics, (b) IT artifact perceptions, and (c) user resistance and subsequent behaviors. The resultant theoretical model explains how influence tactics modulate user perceptions, user resistance to the system, and ultimately the unfaithful use of the system. This model is tested in the context of an electronic medical record (EMR) system implementation, with a sample of 442 clinicians who were exposed to various influence tactics and with the use of SEM techniques. The results indicate that certain influence tactics are beneficial in reducing user resistance while others can unintentionally increase resistance. Resistance, in turn, drives adaptive user behaviors in the form of unfaithful use of the system. Thus, it is possible to manipulate resistance and resultant adaptive behaviors through influence tactics, without necessarily altering the IT artifact. This is particularly important, as many off-the-shelf IT artifacts cannot be substantially modified.     

环保促进剂用量对丙烯酸酯橡胶/乙烯丙烯酸酯橡胶共混胶性能的影响

采用环保促进剂Vulcofac ACT 55与硫化剂Diak No 1组成硫化体系,研究了Vulcofac ACT 55用量对丙烯酸酯橡胶/乙烯丙烯酸酯橡胶共混胶性能的影响。结果表明,随着Vulcofac ACT 55用量的增加,共混胶的交联密度先增大后减小,焦烧时间逐渐缩短,硫化反应速率则逐渐增大;共混硫化胶的物理机械性能、耐热老化性能、耐ASTM No 1标准油性能和热稳定性先得到改善后又变差。差示扫描量热研究结果显示,Vulcofac ACT 55用量为2份(质量,下同)时共混硫化胶的耐IRM 903标准油性能最差、玻璃化转变温度最高。动态热机械分析结果显示,Vulcofac ACT 55用量超过2份后共混硫化胶的玻璃化转变温度逐渐降低,而用量不同共混硫化胶处于高弹态时的储能模量相近。     

乳液原位加氢制备氢化丁腈橡胶的热氧老化性能及寿命（英文）

使用乳液原位加氢法选择性氢化丁腈胶乳制备了氢化丁腈橡胶(HNBR),对其热氧老化性能进行了研究。主要运用热重分析(TGA)并结合Flynn-WallOzawa法计算了热空气降解活化能,同时采用傅立叶变换衰减全反射红外光谱分析跟踪考察了HNBR在热氧老化过程中微观结构的变化。此外,通过对HNBR的物理机械性能的跟踪研究,计算了其老化温度系数及老化寿命与老化温度之间的关系,为HNBR在耐热领域中的应用提供理论依据。     

Ｑ２４５Ｒ钢非线性超声特性与晶粒度级别量化关系研究

利 用 非 线 性 超 声 检 测 技 术 ，对 不 同 晶 粒 度 级 别 的Ｑ２４５ Ｒ钢 试 件 进 行 非 线 性 超 声 特 性 实 验 。 测量 相 同 激 励 条 件 下 的 超 声 波 在 晶 粒 尺 寸 不 同 的Ｑ２４５ Ｒ钢 中 传 播 时 的 声 速 、衰 减 系 数 和 二 阶 非 线 性 系 数 ，并根 据 所 得 数 据 ，分 析 非 线 性 超 声 特 性 与Ｑ２４５ Ｒ钢 晶 粒 度 级 别 的 相 关 性 ，建 立 量 化 关 系 。 实 验 结 果 表 明 ，超 声波 在Ｑ２４５ Ｒ钢 中 传 播 时 ，声 速 随 晶 粒 尺 寸 改 变 的 变 化 并 不 明 显 ，衰 减 系 数 先 上 升 后 下 降 ，其 非 线 性 超 声 系 数随 着 晶 粒 度 级 别 的 增 大 而 呈 线 性 增 大 。     

The deactivation effect of Na2O and NaCl on CeO2–TiO2 catalysts for selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH3

The effect of Na₂O and NaCl on CeO₂–TiO₂ catalyst for the selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH₃ was investigated with BET, XRD, XPS, NH₃-TPD, H₂-TPR, in-situ DRIFT and catalytic activity measurements. The results showed that both Na species could deactivate the CeO₂–TiO₂ catalyst and Na₂O had a stronger effect than NaCl. The more serious deactivation by Na₂O could be ascribed to smaller surface area, fewer surface Ce³⁺ and chemical adsorbed oxygen, lower surface acidity, and worse reducibility. The introduction of NaCl and Na₂O facilitated the formation of new surface NO_x adspecies, but were inactive in NH₃-SCR reaction. The adsorption of NH₃ were inhibited. The NH₃-SCR reaction over the CeO₂–TiO₂ catalyst was governed by both E-R and L-H mechanisms. The introduction of NaCl and Na₂O didn't change the NH₃-SCR reaction mechanisms.     

W/BDD薄膜电极制备及其电化学性能研究

利用化学气相沉积（CVD）法研制了一种钨基硼掺杂金刚石（W/BDD）薄膜电极，通过扫描电镜和Raman光谱考察了W/BDD薄膜电极的性能，通过电化学方法测定了其在LiCl-KCl熔盐中的电化学窗口和电化学性能。结果表明，研制的W/BDD薄膜电极的BDD薄膜有较好的微观结构；W/BDD薄膜电极在LiCl-KCl熔盐中的电化学窗口约为3.5 V(-2.5～1.0 V，相对于Ag/AgCl参比极电位)；电解过程中，氧离子不与W/BDD薄膜电极表面BDD薄膜层的碳反应，直接被氧化为氧原子；长时间电解不会改变电极表面薄膜层的形貌和结构。